Changes in hemostasis parameters in nonfatal methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia complicated by endocarditis or thromboembolic events : a prospective gender-age adjusted cohort study

The aim of this study was to examine the changes in hemostasis parameters in endocarditis and thromboembolic events in nonfatal methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (MS-SAB) - a topic not evaluated previously. In total, 155 patients were recruited and were categorized according to the presence of endocarditis or thromboembolic events with gender-age adjusted controls. Patients who deceased within 90 days or patients not chosen as controls were excluded. SAB management was supervised by an infectious disease specialist. Patients with endocarditis (N = 21), compared to controls (N = 21), presented lower antithrombin III at day 4 (p <0.05), elevated antithrombin III at day 90 (p <0.01), prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time at days 4 and 10 (p <0.05), and enhanced thrombin-antithrombin complex at day 4 (p <0.01). Thromboembolic events (N = 8), compared to controls (N = 34), significantly increased thrombin-antithrombin complex at day 4 (p <0.05). In receiver operating characteristic analysis, the changes in these hemostasis parameters at day 4 predicted endocarditis and thromboembolic events (p <0.05). No differences in hemoglobin, thrombocyte, prothrombin fragment, thrombin time, factor VIII, D-dimer or fibrinogen levels were observed between cases and controls. The results suggest that nonfatal MS-SAB patients present marginal hemostasis parameter changes that, however, may have predictability for endocarditis or thromboembolic events. Larger studies are needed to further assess the connection of hemostasis to complications in SAB.Peer reviewe

Correction to: Clinical recommendations for cardiovascular magnetic resonance mapping of T1, T2, T2* and extracellular volume: A consensus statement by the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) endorsed by the European Association for Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI).

CORRECTION TO: J CARDIOVASC MAGN RESON (2017) 19: 75. DOI: 10.1186/S12968-017-0389-8: In the original publication of this article [1] the "Competing interests" section was incorrect. The original publication stated the following competing interests

Incidence and mortality of brain abscess in Denmark:a nationwide population-based study

Objectives: To examine the incidence and mortality of brain abscesses. Methods: We accessed nationwide population-based medical registries to obtain data for patients with first-time brain abscesses in Denmark from 1982 through 2016. Annual age- and sex-standardized incidence rates with 95% confidence intervals were calculated and compared by direct standardization. We used Cox regression to compute mortality rate ratios adjusted for age and year groups, sex and Charlson comorbidity index score. Results: We identified 1384 patients (37% female). The overall standardized incidence rate of brain abscess was 0.76 per 100 000 person-years (95% confidence interval 0.70–0.81). The incidence rates gradually increased from 0.60 during 1982–88 to 0.90 per 100 000 person-years during 2010–16, yielding an incidence rate ratio of 1.50 (95% confidence interval 1.26–1.79). This increase in incidence was most pronounced in the proportions of brain abscess patients >40 years of age and those with immuno-compromise. The 1-year mortality declined from 29% during 1982–88 to 20% during 2010–16, yielding an adjusted mortality rate ratio of 0.44 (95% confidence interval 0.31–0.63). Risk factors for death were advanced age, Charlson comorbidity index >0, immuno-compromised status and congenital heart disease. Conclusions: The incidence of brain abscess in Denmark is low but increasing, especially in the elderly, along with an increasing proportion of brain abscess patients with immuno-compromise. The prognosis has improved during the last decades, but mortality remains high. Risk factors for death in our study were advanced age, presence of comorbidity, immuno-compromised status and congenital heart disease

Positive predictive value of ICD-10 diagnosis codes for brain abscess in the Danish National Patient Registry

Jacob Bodilsen,1 Michael Dalager-Pedersen,1 Nicolai Kj&aelig;rgaard,1 Diederik van de Beek,2 Matthijs C Brouwer,2 Henrik Nielsen,1 and the DASGIB study group 1Department of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; 2Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Purpose: To evaluate the positive predictive value (PPV) of ICD-10 diagnosis codes for brain abscess in the Danish National Patient Registry (DNPR). Patients and methods: We examined medical records of all patients with a first-time diagnosis code of brain abscess in the DNPR from 2007 to 2016. Patients were categorized with either confirmed or disproved brain abscess using a priori defined criteria. We computed the PPV as the proportion of confirmed diagnoses. Results: We identified 709 patients, of whom the medical records could not be retrieved for 15 patients, leaving 694 for further analyses. Of these, 444 had a confirmed brain abscess and 250 had another proven diagnosis, including 47 cases of intracranial empyema. The overall PPV was 64% (95% CI: 60&ndash;68) ranging from 24% to 96% among the different codes evaluated. By including only patients with either 1) both a diagnosis and surgical procedure code for brain abscess or 2) patients admitted to hospital with certain primary diagnosis codes (DG060[C,E,F] or DG079B) without newly diagnosed central nervous system (CNS) cancer, spondylodiscitis/intraspinal abscess, or procedure codes for evacuation of intracranial empyema, the PPV increased to 84% (95% CI 80&ndash;87) and 89% (395/444) of all confirmed cases were identified. Conclusion: The overall PPV of diagnosis codes for brain abscess in the DNPR was moderate. However, by exclusion of newly diagnosed CNS tumors, spondylodiscitis/intraspinal abscess, and intracranial empyemas, the PPV was high and therefore suitable for future registry-based studies of brain abscess. Keywords: cerebral abscess, register, PPV, intracranial abscess, epidemiolog